Description: Describes the Nazi "euthanasia program" which was prepared and implemented by Karl Brandt and Leonardo Conti. Shows that whereas this program was initially intended for the extermination of the mentally ill, Jews too were killed as "enemies of Germany". Deals also with medical experiments in the concentration camps (Buchenwald, Natzweiler, Dachau, Auschwitz, and Ravensbrück). Contends that most of the experiments had no scientific significance; they constituted a part of the extermination program. Pp. 205-221 deal with Mengele and his experiments with twins. One of the more unexplored yet frightening aspects of the Nazi years in Germany, 1933-45, is the conduct of the doctors during those years. Many of them abandoned the traditional guiding norms for the practice of medicine, archaically expressed in the Hippocratic oath, and proposed, carried out, and cooperated with medical experiments without the consent of subjects and with little promise of any contribution to medical science. Many also participated in research and other medical activities, such as euthanasia and mass sterilization, whose purposes had nothing to do with a contribution to medical knowledge that would eventually save or improve life, but were simply for the manipulation and killing of persons. These activities quickly fell under the control of Nazi ideology, with no protest on the basis of the norms of medical practice by societies of medical doctors and psychiatrists, and with little, albeit costly, protest by individuals. A brief survey of what the Medical case and the Auschwitz trial revealed about the conduct of the doctors raises the question of the status and effectiveness of a professional standard like the Hippocratic oath against the power of the state. This, in turn, raises the question about the basis of the rights of man outside of what is enacted and secured by a nation-state. In facing this question, an appeal is made for the nurture of care about human rights, among professional groups with transnational identities as well as among individuals and voluntary nonprofessional associations among the general citizenry. Finally, a claim is made for specific kinds of social-political responsibilities of doctors in modern society.
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Subject Area: German War Crimes, Military History, Role of Doctors, Medical experiments
Publication Name: Hitler or Hippocrates
Publisher: The Book Guild Ltd.
Subject: History, Wars, crimes, Role of Doctors, euthanasia, medical experiments
Publication Year: 1991
Type: Textbook
Format: Hardcover
Unit Type: Unit
Language: English
Author: Paul Hoedeman
Features: 1st Edition, Dust Jacket
Unit Quantity: 1
Country/Region of Manufacture: United Kingdom
Number of Pages: 280 Pages