Battleship USS NEVADA BB-36 Naval Cover 1935 San Pedro, CA Sailor's Mail

Description: Battleship USS NEVADA BB-36 Naval Cover 1935 San Pedro, CA Sailor's MailIt was sent 7 Oct 1935. It was franked with stamp "Winged Globe". This cover is in good, but not perfect condition. Please look at the scan and make your own judgement. Member USCS #10385 (I also earned the stamp collecting merit badge as a boy!). Please contact me if you have specific cover needs. I have thousands for sale, including; navals (USS, USNS, USCGC, Coast Guard, ship, Maritime), military posts, event, APO, hotel, postal history, memorabilia, etc. I also offer approvals service with FREE SHIPPING to repeat USA customers. On 13 December, 10 battleships, including Nevada,[g] and 28 destroyers escorted the ocean liner George Washington, with president Woodrow Wilson embarked, into Brest, France, during the last day of Wilson's journey to the country so he could attend the Paris Peace Conference. The flotilla met George Washington and her escorts (Pennsylvania and four destroyers) just off Brest and escorted them into the port.[47] The 10 battleships sailed for home at 14:00 on the next day, 14 December.[48] They took less than two weeks to cross the Atlantic, and arrived in New York on 26 December to parades and celebrations.[42] Interwar period Nevada in drydock at Pearl Harbor Navy Yard, c. 1935Between the two World Wars, Nevada, under the successive commands of Thomas P. Magruder (8 May 1919 – 23 October 1919),[35] followed by William Dugald MacDougall (23 October 1919 – 4 May 1920),[35] served in both the Atlantic and Pacific Fleets.[3] Though she had originally been equipped with 21 five-inch (127 mm)/51 cal guns to defend against enemy destroyers,[19] this number was reduced to 12 in 1918,[49] due to the overly wet bow and stern positions of the other nine.[19] Nevada, then under command of Luke McNamee (4 May 1920 – 19 September 1921),[35] and with the battleship Arizona, represented the United States at the Peruvian Centennial Exposition in July 1921.[50] A year later, with Douglas E. Dismukes (11 October 1921 – 30 December 1922)[35] in command, and in company with Maryland this time, Nevada returned to South America as an escort to the steamer Pan America with Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes embarked; they all attended the Centennial of Brazilian Independence in Rio de Janeiro, celebrated from 5 to 11 September 1922.[3][51][52] The New York Times later credited the crew of Nevada for bringing baseball and that sport's unique terminology to Brazil, allowing the country to "make the Yankee game an institution of their own".[53] At the end of 1922, John M. Luby (30 December 1922 – 7 September 1924) assumed command.[35] Three years later, then under command of David W. Todd (7 September 1924 – 11 June 1926),[35] Nevada took part in the US Fleet's "goodwill cruise" to Australia and New Zealand, from July–September 1925. During this cruise, the ships had only limited replenishment opportunities, but they still made it to Australia and back without undue difficulty.[54] This demonstrated to those allies and Japan that the US Navy had the ability to conduct transpacific operations[3] and meet the Imperial Japanese Navy in their home waters,[54] where both Japanese and American war plans expected the "decisive battle" to be fought, if it should come.[55][page needed] After the cruise, Nevada, with Clarence S. Kempff (11 June 1926 – 20 September 1927)[35] commanding, put into Norfolk Navy Yard to be modernized between August 1927 and January 1930. Hilary H. Royall (14 January 1928 – 12 July 1930) took over command during this period.[35] Work on the ship included exchange of her "basket" masts for tripod masts[56] and her steam turbines for those from the recently stricken battleship North Dakota. These were geared turbines that had been retrofitted to North Dakota in 1917, replacing her original direct drive turbines to increase her range.[57][17] Additionally, many different adaptations and additions were made: her main guns' elevation was increased to 30° (which upped the range of the guns from 23,000 yd (21,000 m) to 34,000 yd (31,100 m)), anti-torpedo bulges were added, her 12 original Yarrow boilers were replaced with 6 more efficient Bureau Express boilers in a new arrangement to accommodate those bulges, two catapults were added for three Vought O2U-3 Corsair biplane spotter aircraft,[58] eight 5 in (127 mm)/25 cal AA guns were added,[49] a new superstructure was installed, and her 5-inch (127 mm) 51 cal secondary battery was relocated above the hull[56] in an arrangement similar to that of the New Mexico class.[58] Nevada then served in the Pacific Fleet for the next eleven years.[56] During this time, she was commanded by John J. Hyland (12 July 1930 – 30 April 1932),[35] William S. Pye (30 April 1932 – 4 December 1933), Adolphus Staton (4 December 1933 – 25 June 1935), Robert L. Ghormley (25 June 1935 – 23 June 1936), Claude B. Mayo (23 June 1936 – 2 October 1937),[35] Robert Alfred Theobald (2 October 1937 – 10 May 1939) and Francis W. Rockwell.(10 May 1939 – 4 June 1941)[35] World War II Map of ships and port facilities in Pearl Harbor during the attack; Nevada is #7. Click on the image for a key.Attack on Pearl HarborMain article: Attack on Pearl HarborOn 6 December 1941, a Saturday, all of the Pacific Fleet's battleships were in port for the weekend for the first time since 4 July. Normally, they took turns spending time in port: six would be out with Vice Admiral William S. Pye's battleship Task Force One one weekend, while the next weekend would find three ranging with Vice Admiral William Halsey, Jr.'s aircraft carrier task force. However, because Halsey could not afford to take the slow battleships with his fast carriers on his dash to reinforce Wake Island's Marine detachment with fighters and because it was Pye's turn to rest in port and the harbor was where it was considered safe, none of the battleships were sailing on that morning.[59] When the sun rose over Nevada on the 7th, the ship's band was playing "Morning Colors"; but planes then appeared on the horizon and the attack on Pearl Harbor began.[60] Aft of Arizona during the attack, Nevada was not moored alongside another battleship off Ford Island, and therefore was able to maneuver, unlike the other seven battleships present.[h][3] Commanding officer Francis W. Scanland (4 June 1941 – 15 December 1941),[35] was ashore when the attack began. The Officer of the Deck, Ensign Joe Taussig (son of the admiral of the same name), had earlier that morning ordered a second boiler lit off, planning to switch the power load from one boiler to the other around 0800. As Nevada's gunners opened fire and her engineers started to raise steam, a single 18 in (460 mm) Type 91 Mod 2[6] torpedo exploded against Frame 41 about 14 ft (4.3 m) above the keel at 0810.[61] Seconds later, the same Kate torpedo bomber that dropped the torpedo was shot down by Nevada's gunners. The torpedo bulkhead held, but leaking through joints caused flooding of port side compartments below the first platform deck between frames 30 and 43 and a list of 4–5°.[61] Her damage control crew corrected the list by counter-flooding and Nevada got underway at 0840,[61] her gunners already having shot down four planes.[62] Ensign Taussig's efficiency paid off, likely saving his ship, but he lost a leg in the attack. Nevada became a prime target for Japanese Val dive bombers during the second wave. Japanese pilots intended to sink her in the channel, ostensibly to block the harbor.[63] Tactically target selection was wrong as 14–18 dive bombers attacking her wouldn't be able to sink a battleship with 250 kg bombs[64] and the channel's width of 1200 feet made bottling up the harbor impossible.[65] As she steamed past Ten-Ten Dock[i] at about 09:50, Nevada was struck by five bombs. One exploded over the crew's galley at Frame 80. Another struck the port director platform and exploded at the base of the stack on the upper deck. Yet another hit near No. 1 turret inboard from the port waterway and blew large holes in the upper and main decks. Two struck the forecastle near Frame 15; one passed out through the side of the second deck before exploding, but the other exploded within the ship near the gasoline tank; leakage and vapors from this tank caused intense fires around the ship.[61] The gasoline fires that flared up around Turret 1 might have caused more critical damage if the main magazines had not been empty. For several days prior to the attack, all of the 14-inch-gun (356 mm) battleships had been replacing their standard-weight main battery projectiles with a new heavier projectile that offered greater penetration and a larger explosive charge in exchange for a slight decrease in range. All of the older projectiles and powder charges had been removed from the magazines of Nevada, and the crew had taken a break after loading the new projectiles in anticipation of loading the new powder charges on Sunday.[66] Nevada beached at Hospital PointAs bomb damage became evident, Nevada was ordered to proceed to the west side of Ford Island to prevent her from sinking in deeper water. Instead, she was grounded off Hospital Point at 10:30,[67] with the help of Hoga and Avocet,[68] though she managed to force down three more planes before she struck the shore.[62] Gasoline fires prevented damage control parties from containing flooding forward of the main torpedo defense system. Flooding the main magazine and counterflooding to keep the ship stable lowered the bow allowing water to enter the ship at the second deck level. Lack of watertight subdivision between the second and main decks from frame 30 to frame 115 allowed water entering through bomb holes in the forecastle to flow aft through the ship's ventilation system to flood the dynamo and boiler rooms.[69] Over the course of the morning, Nevada suffered a total of 60 killed and 109 wounded.[3] Two more men died aboard during salvage operations on 7 February 1942 when they were overcome by hydrogen sulfide gas from decomposing paper and meat.[70] The ship suffered a minimum of six bomb hits and one torpedo hit, but "it is possible that as many as ten bomb hits may have been received, [...] as certain damaged areas [were] of sufficient size to indicate that they were struck by more than one bomb."[62] AttuOn 12 February 1942, now with Captain Harry L. Thompson (15 December 1941 – 25 August 1942) commanding,[35] Nevada was refloated and underwent temporary repairs at Pearl Harbor so she could get to Puget Sound Navy Yard for major repairs and modernization. Then under command of Captain Howard F. Kingman (25 August 1942 – 25 January 1943),[35] the overhaul was completed in October 1942, and it changed the old battleship's appearance so she slightly resembled a South Dakota from a distance.[71][72] Her 5"/51s and 5"/25s were replaced with sixteen 5"/38 caliber guns in new twin mounts.[49] Nevada, with Captain Willard A. Kitts (25 January 1943 – 21 July 1943)[35] commanding, then sailed for Alaska, where she provided fire support from 11 to 18 May 1943 for the capture of Attu.[3] Nevada then departed for Norfolk Navy Yard in June for further modernization.[3] D-Day Forward 14/45 guns of Nevada fire on positions ashore, during the landings on "Utah" Beach, 6 June 1944After completion, in mid-1943 Nevada went on Atlantic convoy duty.[73] Old battleships such as Nevada were attached to many convoys across the Atlantic to guard against the chance that a German capital ship might head out to sea on a raiding mission. After completing more convoy runs, Nevada set sail for the United Kingdom to prepare for the Normandy Invasion, arriving in April 1944, with Captain Powell M. Rhea (21 July 1943 – 4 October 1944)[35] in command. Her float plane artillery observer pilots were temporarily assigned to VOS-7 flying Spitfires from RNAS Lee-on-Solent (HMS Daedalus).[74] She was chosen as Rear Admiral Morton Deyo's flagship for the operation.[75] During the invasion, Nevada supported forces ashore from 6–17 June, and again on 25 June; during this time, she employed her guns against shore defenses on the Cherbourg Peninsula,[3] "[seeming] to lean back as [she] hurled salvo after salvo at the shore batteries."[76] Shells from her guns ranged as far as 17 nmi (20 mi; 31 km) inland in attempts to break up German concentrations and counterattacks, even though she was straddled by counterbattery fire 27 times (though never hit).[3] Nevada was later praised for her "incredibly accurate" fire in support of beleaguered troops, as some of the targets she hit were just 600 yd (550 m) from the front line.[77] Nevada was the only battleship present at both Pearl Harbor and the Normandy landings.[78] Southern France Nevada bombarding shore targets in Southern France during Operation DragoonAfter D-Day, the Allies headed to Toulon for another amphibious assault, codenamed Operation Dragoon. To support this, many ships were sent from the beaches of Normandy to the Mediterranean, including five battleships (the United States' Nevada, Texas, Arkansas, the British Ramillies, and the Free French Lorraine), three US heavy cruisers (Augusta, Tuscaloosa and Quincy), and many destroyers and landing craft were transferred south.[79] Nevada supported this operation from 15 August to 25 September 1944, "dueling"[3] with "Big Willie": a heavily reinforced fortress with four 340 mm (13.4 in) guns in two twin turrets. These guns had been salvaged from the French battleship Provence after the scuttling of the French fleet in Toulon; the guns had a range of nearly 19 nautical miles (35 km) and they commanded every approach to the port of Toulon. In addition, they were fortified with heavy armor plate embedded into the rocky sides of the island of Saint Mandrier. Due to these dangers, the fire-support ships assigned to the operation were ordered to level the fortress. Beginning on 19 August, and continuing on subsequent days, one or more heavy warships bombarded it in conjunction with low-level bomber strikes. On the 23rd, a bombardment force headed by Nevada struck the "most damaging" blow to the fort during a 6½ hour battle, which saw 354 salvos fired by Nevada. Toulon fell on the 25th, but the fort, though it was "coming apart at the seams", held out for three more days.[80][81] Nevada then headed to New York to have her gun barrels relined.[3] In addition, the three 14"/45 caliber guns (356 mm) of Turret 1 were replaced with Mark 8 guns formerly on Arizona and in the relining process at the time of Pearl Harbor; these new guns were relined to Mark 12 specifications.[82][83] Iwo Jima, Okinawa and Japan Nevada bombarding Iwo Jima, 19 February 1945After re-fitting, and with Captain Homer L. Grosskopf (4 October 1944 – 28 October 1945)[35] commanding, she sailed for the Pacific, arriving off Iwo Jima on 16 February 1945[3] to "[prepare] the island for invasion with heavy bombardment";[84] which she did through 7 March.[3] During the invasion, she moved to be within 600 yd (550 m) from shore to provide maximum firepower for the troops that were advancing.[77] On 24 March 1945, Nevada joined Task Force 54 (TF 54), the "Fire Support Force", off Okinawa as bombardment began prior to the invasion of Okinawa. The ships of TF 54 then moved into position on the night of the 23rd, beginning their bombardment missions at dawn on the 24th.[85] Along with the rest of the force, Nevada shelled Japanese airfields, shore defenses, supply dumps, and troop concentrations.[3] However, after the fire support ships retired for the night, dawn "came up like thunder" when seven kamikazes attacked the force while it was without air cover. One plane, though hit repeatedly by antiaircraft fire from the force, crashed onto the main deck of Nevada, next to turret No. 3. It killed 11 and wounded 49; it also knocked out both 14 in (360 mm) guns in that turret and three 20 mm anti-aircraft weapons.[86] Another two men were lost to fire from a shore battery on 5 April. Until 30 June, she was stationed off Okinawa; she then departed to join the 3rd Fleet from 10 July to 7 August, which allowed Nevada to come within range of the Japanese home islands during the closing days of the war, though she did not bombard them.[j][3] Post-war Battleship USS Nevada (BB-36) painted in orange as target ship for the Operation Crossroads Able Nuclear weapons test.Nevada, then with her final commanding officer, Captain Cecil C. Adell (28 October 1945 – 1 July 1946),[35] returned to Pearl Harbor after a brief stint of occupation duty in Tokyo Bay. Nevada was surveyed and, at 32⅓ years old, was deemed too old to be kept in the post-war fleet.[4][56] As a result, she was assigned to be a target ship in the first Bikini atomic experiments (Operation Crossroads) of July 1946.[3] The experiment consisted of detonating two atomic bombs to test their effectiveness against ships.[87] Nevada was the bombardier's target for the first test, codenamed 'Able', which used an air-dropped weapon. To help distinguish the target from surrounding vessels, Nevada was painted a reddish-orange. However, even with the high-visibility color scheme, the bomb fell about 1,700 yd (1,600 m) off-target, exploding above the attack transport Gilliam instead.[88] Due in part to the miss, Nevada survived. The ship also remained afloat after the second test—'Baker', a detonation some 90 ft (27 m) below the surface of the water—but was damaged and extremely radioactive from the spray.[56] Nevada was later towed to Pearl Harbor and decommissioned on 29 August 1946.[3] After she was thoroughly examined, Iowa and two other vessels used Nevada as a practice gunnery target 65 miles southwest of Pearl Harbor on 31 July 1948.[4][71][k] The ships did not sink Nevada, so she was given a coup de grâce with an aerial torpedo hit amidships.[89][4] WreckOn 11 May 2020, it was announced that a joint expedition by Ocean Infinity, with its ship the Pacific Constructor, and the operations center of SEARCH Inc., headed by Dr. James Delgado had discovered Nevada's wreck. Nevada is located at a depth of 15,400 feet (4,700 m) off the coast of Hawaii and about 65 nautical miles southwest of Pearl Harbor.[90][91] The wreck lies upside down, with the main hull carrying the scars of shell fire and torpedo hits. Nearby is a large debris field with the turrets, which fell off the ship as she capsized, and the bow and stern, both of which were torn free. Archaeologists also documented the two tripod masts, portions of the bridge, sections of deck and superstructure, and one of four tanks, an M26 Pershing, placed on the deck for the atomic bomb tests.[92] The hull was still painted and the number "36" was visible on the stern.[91][93] One of the former Arizona guns mounted on Nevada is paired with a gun formerly on Missouri at the Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza just east of the Arizona State Capitol complex in downtown Phoenix, Arizona. It is part of a memorial representing the start and end of the Pacific War for the United States.[83] A large model of the ship survives today in Los Angeles and often appears at local parades.[94]

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